ʻO ka mea i hala aku nei, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi maʻi hou o ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus ma kahi wahi i mālama ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana o nā ʻoihana / kula / hale kūʻai nui e like me nā wahi ākea a puni ka ʻāina ua hāʻawi iā mākou i kekahi mau ʻike hou i ka hiki ke pale ʻia ka coronavirus ma nā wahi ākea o nā hale aupuni.
Mai nā hihia ola o ka cross-infection, i loko o ka hale paʻahao i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, aia he 207 mau kānaka i maʻi ʻia, a ma ka moku holo moku ʻo Diamond Princess, ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 mau kānaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona iā mākou ma nā wahi ākea, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka wahi paʻa, inā ʻo ia ka lumi hoʻokele limahana i pani ʻia me nā kūlana maʻalahi a i ʻole ka moku holo moku nani, e alakaʻi ia i ka cross-infection ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ea a i ʻole ka pilikia o ka hana. ʻōnaehana ea.
I kēia manawa, e lawe kākou i kekahi hale maʻamau i laʻana no ka nānā ʻana i kāna ʻōnaehana ea, a e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi cross-infection ma nā wahi ākea.
Eia ke ʻano o ka hale paʻahao maʻamau. Wahi a nā lula e pili ana i ia mau hale, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe i loko o kahi lumi kāne a wahine paha ma mua o 20. ʻO kēia kahi hoʻolālā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me 12 mau moena moe no kēlā me kēia lumi.
Fig 1: hoʻolālā hale paʻahao
I mea e pale aku ai i ka pakele ʻana o nā paʻahao, ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka wahi hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o waho i mea liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO ka'ōlelo kiko'ī e'ōlelo pono nei e pāpāʻia ka puka makani ma mua o 25cm. Ma keʻano maʻamau, aia ka makani o kēlā me kēia lumi ma waena o 10 ~ 20cm. No ka mea, ua hoʻolālāʻia ka lumi me nā papa luna a me lalo,ʻaʻole i emi iho ke kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o 3.6m e like me ke kūkulu hale paʻahao. nā kūlana. No laila, ʻo ka nui kumu o kēia hale paʻahao ma kahi o 3.9m ākea, 7.2m ka lōʻihi, 3.6m kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka nui o ka leo he 100m3.
ʻElua mau mana hoʻokele no ka hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe, hoʻokahi ke kaomi makani a ʻo kekahi ʻo ke kaomi wela. Ma ka helu ʻana, inā he puka waho o ka hale paʻahao o 20cm a 20cm a wehe ʻia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 3m, ʻo ka nui o ka ventilation rate. o ka lumi ma waena o 0.8 a me 1h-1. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻololi piha ʻia ka ea i loko o ka lumi kokoke i kēlā me kēia hola.
Helu 2 ka helu ana o na manawa hoololi ea
No laila pehea e hoʻoholo ai he maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha ka ʻōnaehana ventilation?
ʻO kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ka hapa nui o ke kalapona kalapona.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 100 mau makahiki i hala, ua puka mai ʻo Max Joseph Pettenkofer, he Kelemania i hoʻolauna mua i ka manaʻo o ka ea, me kahi ʻano maʻamau no ke olakino: 1000 × 10-6. Ua mana kēia index a hiki i kēia manawa. Inā hoʻomalu ʻia ka hapa nui o ka carbon dioxide i loko o ka hale ma lalo o 1000x10-6, hiki ke mālama pono ʻia kahi ea olakino, a ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ke hoʻouna i nā maʻi i kekahi i kekahi.
Max Joseph Pettenkofer
No laila he aha ka hapa nui o carbon dioxide i loko o kēia lumi? Hana mākou i ka helu simulation, inā manaʻo ʻia he 12 poʻe i loko o kahi kūlana wahaheʻe. No ke kiʻekiʻe o ia lumi, ka nui o ka lumi a me ka nui o ka ea, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka carbon dioxide he 2032 × 10-6, ʻaneʻane pālua ka maʻamau o 1000 × 10-6.
ʻAʻole au i hele i kahi lumi hoʻokele paʻa, akā me he mea lā ua ʻōlelo pinepine ka poʻe he lepo ka ea.
ʻO kēia mau hanana ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka hopena o nā maʻi 207 i kēia manawa, hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi ʻōlelo aʻo nui e pono ai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana ma nā wahi paʻa o nā limahana.
ʻO kahi wahi i piha i ka lehulehu e hoʻopuka i nā hopena like ʻo ia ka lumi papa. He 50 mau haumāna e ʻākoakoa pinepine ana ma kahi lumi papa. A noho pinepine lākou no 4 a 5 mau hola. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole koho ka poʻe e wehe i nā puka makani no ka ea, no ka mea he anu. Aia ka pilikia o ka ma'i kea. Inā ʻoe e ana i ka hakina leo o carbon dioxide i loko o ka lumi papa piha i nā kānaka i ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou ma mua o 1000 × 10-6.
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻoponopono ai i ka cross-infection o ka coronavirus, a kokoke hoʻokahi wale nō ala i loaʻa, ʻo ia ka ventilation.
ʻOiai ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e ʻike ai i ka ventila ʻo ke ana ʻana i ka nui o ka carbon dioxide. ʻIke maoli mākou inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Co2 ma mua o 550 × 10-6, kahi i palekana loa ke kaiapuni, ʻoiai inā he mau maʻi pākahi i loko o ka lumi. ma mua o 1000 × 10-6, ʻaʻole palekana.
Pono nā luna hale e nānā i nā kūlana ea o nā hale i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā hopohopo ʻoe, e lawe pū me ʻoe i kahi mea kani. Inā ʻaʻole, e hoʻohana i kou ihu. ʻO ka ihu o ke kanaka ka mea ʻike maikaʻi loa a paʻakikī, Inā maikaʻi ʻole ke kūlana o ka ea, e holo wikiwiki e like me kou hiki.
I kēia manawa ke hoʻi mālie nei ka hui i ka hana maʻamau a me ka hana, pono mākou e makaʻala nui i ka wā e noho ana mākou i kahi wahi paʻa, e like me nā hale kūʻai kūʻai ma lalo o ka honua, nā corridors lalo, a me nā lumi papa, nā lumi kali a me nā wahi ākea ʻē aʻe.
