Mpweya umene timapuma ukhoza kukhudza kwambiri thanzi lathu. Dziwani momwe mungakhalire mukuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mpweya m'nyumba mwanu mosadziwa, ndi zomwe mungachite kuti muwongolere mpweya wabwino wamkati. Tonse tikudziwa kuti kuipitsa kunja ndi vuto. Koma mwayi ndi wakuti simudandaula kwambiri za ubwino wa mpweya m'nyumba mwanu. Komabe zinthu zambiri zomwe timachita kuti nyumba zathu zizikhala bwino, monga kukongoletsa, kuyatsa makandulo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zofewa za mpweya, zimatha kuwonjezera kukhudzidwa kwathu ndi zinthu zowononga, ndikuthandizira kwambiri kutulutsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo, monga ambiri aife tikuwonongera nthawi yathu yambiri m'nyumba pakadali pano, ichi sichinthu chomwe tiyenera kuchinyalanyaza. Ngati ndinu okalamba kapena muli ndi matenda omwe analipo kale, monga mphumu, matenda a mtima kapena matenda osachiritsika a m'mapapo (COPD), mumakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Ana ndi achikulire amakhalanso pachiwopsezo, chifukwa amapumira mwachangu komanso mapapu awo akukulabe. Pano tiyeni titenge njira zosavuta izi kuti muwongolere mpweya wapanyumba panu.
1.Kutsegula mawindo anu nthawi zonse
Kutsegula mazenera anu nthawi zonse ndi njira yosavuta yochotseramo tinthu tating'ono toipitsa mpweya m'malo anu okhala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita izi m'nyengo yozizira, pamene chinyezi chili chokwera, komabe kuyesa ndikusunga mawindo onse otsekedwa mwamphamvu. Khalani anzeru pamene mukuchita izi. Ngati mumakhala pafupi ndi msewu wodutsa anthu ambiri, sungani mazenera otsekedwa panthawi yomwe magalimoto ambiri amakwera. Ngati mukudwala chimfine, musatsegule mazenera anu m'mawa, pamene mungu wachuluka kwambiri. Kupatula apo, ngati nyumba yanu ili ndi choziziritsa kuzizirira kapena kutenthetsa, njira yachilengedwe yotereyi imakubweretserani ndalama zambiri zamagetsi.
2.Ganizirani choyeretsa mpweya
Kugula choyeretsera mpweya sikuyenera kukhala chinthu choyamba kapena chokhacho chomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya wanu m'nyumba: choyamba, thana ndi vutoli poyambira pochepetsa kuipitsidwa kulikonse komwe mukupanga, kenako khalani ndi chizolowezi chotulutsa mpweya pafupipafupi. Koma, komanso kutenga njira zomwe zili pamwambazi, mutha kuganiziranso zoyeretsa mpweya. Choyeretsera mpweya chikhoza kukhala chothandiza makamaka ngati muli ndi ziwengo kapena muli ndi vuto la kupuma, mukukhala pafupi ndi msewu waukulu kapena malo opangira mafakitale, kapena nthawi zambiri mumakumana ndi utsi wosuta fodya kapena fungo loipa lomwe simungathe kuziletsa. Zoyeretsa mpweya sizili zangwiro: sizimapereka njira yothetsera vuto la kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya, koma zimatha kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kumene mukupuma. , pet dander ndi tinthu tating'ono ta utsi kuchokera mumlengalenga. Zosefera zomwe zili ndi mayina monga 'mtundu wa HEPA' sizimasungidwa pamiyezo yofanana ya kusefera bwino. Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa fungo kapena zowononga mpweya, mufunika imodzi yokhala ndi zosefera za kaboni. Fyuluta ya HEPA siichotsa fungoli, chifukwa imachotsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono.
3. Sankhani mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kwa HRV kapena ERV
Dongosolo la mpweya wotenthetsera kapena wobwezeretsa mphamvu limatha kuchotsa mpweya wokhazikika m'nyumba ndikubweretsa mpweya wabwino m'nyumba m'njira yopulumutsa mphamvu. Dongosolo lothandizira mpweya wobwezeretsa mphamvu lingathandize kusunga ndalama zamagetsi ndikupangitsa nyumba kukhala yotentha kapena yozizira. Ndikosavuta kumasula kutentha kwakukulu m'nyumba mwathu, timangotsegula zenera ndipo mpweya wofundawo umangowulukira mumlengalenga. Ndi mpweya wabwino mumalandira mpweya wabwino, wofunda nthawi zonse m'nyumba. Pamalo opanda mpweya wabwino, HEPA fyuluta yamtundu wa ERV kapena HRV iyenera kuganiziridwa. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha kapena mpweya wobwezeretsa mphamvu m'nyumba zosiyanasiyana. Mukabwera kudzagula molingana ndi kutentha kapena mphamvu yobwezeretsa mpweya wabwino, mutha kukambirana molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya, njira yoyika, mtundu wa fyuluta, ntchito zowongolera, ndi zina zambiri.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito chovundikira chophikira chanu ndi chowotcha
Kuphika kumatulutsa mafuta, utsi, fungo ndi chinyezi. Yatsani chophimba chakukhitchini yanu ndi mafani mukamaphika komanso mukatha kuphika - ngakhale mutawapeza akuphokoso kwambiri - kuti muchotse mpweya wamafuta ndi zinthu zina zomwe zatulukamo. Izi zidzachepetsanso kuwonongeka kwa makoma anu ndi makabati akukhitchini.
Ngati mungathe, pezani chophikira chokokera, chomwe nthawi zina chimatchedwa hood kapena chotsekera, m'malo mozungulira. Zovala zokokera zimatumiza mpweya kunja kwa nyumba yanu kudzera pakhoma kapena padenga, pomwe mitundu yobwerezabwereza imasefa mpweya kudzera pasefa ya kaboni ndikuuzunguliranso mkati mwakhitchini yanu. Ngati muli ndi hood yozungulira, onetsetsani kuti mwayeretsa ndikusintha fyuluta nthawi zonse.
Fani yotsitsa imatha kukhazikitsidwa mchipinda chilichonse chomwe mukufuna kuwongolera chinyezi, gasi kapena utsi. Chokupizira chowotcha mu bafa yanu chimatha kutulutsa mpweya wonyowa m'chipindamo, kuteteza spores za nkhungu kukula. Ikhozanso kuchotsa zotsatira zogwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi ndi zotsukira.
Osagwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda mpweya (zopanda mpweya) monga gasi wokhazikika komanso zotenthetsera za parafini. Izi zingamveke ngati zosavuta, chifukwa sizifuna chitoliro cholowera mpweya kapena chimney, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuziyika, koma zimatulutsa zowononga zingapo m'chipinda chanu.
Zonse zotenthetsera mpweya, ngakhale zikayaka bwino, zimatulutsa mpweya woipa (CO2). Mpweya woipa ukachuluka, umayambitsa kugona, chizungulire ndi mutu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu aziwoneka ngati nyumba yotsekedwa.
Pewani kutsekereza kapena kukongoletsa zinthu zomwe zilipo kale, monga njerwa za mpweya ndi mawindo olowera m'mawindo, ngakhale munamvapo kuti kuchita zimenezi kungakuthandizeni kusunga ndalama zanu zotenthetsera. Zimakhalapo kuti mpweya uziyenda mwachibadwa pamene mazenera ndi zitseko zatsekedwa. Amalolanso mpweya kulowa, kutentha pang'ono kwa mkati, kuchepetsa ngozi ya condensation, ndi kuteteza zowononga kukwera mkati.
Mu 2017, tidachita kafukufuku wokhudza kuwonongeka kwa mpweya m'nyumba m'nyumba zitatu: imodzi yochokera ku nthawi ya Victorian, imodzi yochokera ku 1950s ndi nyumba yatsopano. Tinkagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana za tsiku ndi tsiku m’nyumbamo - kupukuta, kuyeretsa, kugwiritsa ntchito zotsitsimutsa mpweya ndi makandulo, kuphika chofufumitsa chowotcha ndi kuyatsa - ndikuyesa mpweya wabwino m'nyumba iliyonse isanayambe kapena pambuyo pake.
Tidapeza kuti kuipitsidwa kwambiri kwa mpweya kunali m'nyumba ya 1950s, komwe kukonza bwino kwapakhomo monga khoma ndi kutsekereza padenga, kuwomba kawiri ndi njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zidapangitsa kuti nyumbayo zisapitirire mpweya.
5.Tsukani pafupipafupi - makamaka ngati muli ndi ziweto
Onetsetsani kuti mukupukuta pafupipafupi kuti muchotse tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Zotsukira bwino kwambiri zimatola fumbi lochuluka kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa loyipitsitsa, ndipo zimakhala bwino poletsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono kuti tisatulukire m'chipinda chanu. Makapeti amatha kukhala ndi allergen, choncho ndikofunika kuti muchotse izi nthawi zambiri, makamaka ngati muli m'nyumba yobwereka. Ngati mukudwala ziwengo, ndipo muli ndi mwayi wosankha, ndi bwino kusintha makapeti anu ndikuyika pansi zolimba, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuyeretsa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupukuta ngati muli ndi ziweto, chifukwa pet dander ikhoza kuwonjezera kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya m'nyumba mwanu. Agalu ndi amphaka mwachibadwa amadula tsitsi lokalamba - ena kawiri pachaka, ena nthawi zonse. Mungu umathanso kudziphatika ku ubweya wa chiweto chanu ndikulowetsedwa m'nyumba, zomwe sizili bwino ngati muli ndi vuto la hay fever, choncho musalole chiweto chanu kuti chichotse mipando yanu yofewa ndi bedi ngati mungathe. Tsitsi la chiweto likapondedwa m'makapeti kapena makapeti zimakhala zovuta kutuluka, chifukwa zimang'ambika mu ulusi wa kapeti.
Onetsetsani kuti mumatsuka nthawi zonse, pogwiritsa ntchito vacuum cleaner yomwe ndi yabwino kwambiri kuchotsa tsitsi la ziweto ngati muli ndi ziweto.
6. Samalani chinyontho ndi nkhungu
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungayambitse vuto la kupuma, ndipo kumapereka malo abwino oberekera tizilombo toyambitsa nkhungu, nthata za fumbi, njenjete za zovala, utitiri, mphemvu ndi zina zonyansa. Ngati muli ndi mphumu kapena chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti muchepetse chinyezi m'nyumba mwanu. Malinga ndi achifundo Asthma UK, 42% ya mphumu yomwe idafunsidwa idati nkhungu ndi bowa zidayambitsa mphumu yawo. Pewani kupachika zovala zonyowa m'nyumba. Simungakhale ndi njira ina iliyonse ngati mulibe chowumitsira chowumitsira kapena chovala chakunja, koma chinyezi mumlengalenga chikakumana ndi malo ozizira, monga mazenera ndi makoma, chimakhazikika. Ngati mukuyenera kuyanika kutsuka kwanu m'nyumba, tsegulani zenera kuti nthunzi yamadzi ituluke, kapena gwiritsani ntchito dehumidifier ndikutseka mawindo ndi zitseko za chipindacho (kupanda kutero mukupangitsa kuti chotsitsa chizigwira ntchito movutikira). Gwiritsirani ntchito choyatsira zovala m'malo mopachika chochapira chanu pa radiator, zomwe zimatha kupangitsa kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino, onjezerani ndalama zotenthetsera, kuwononga ulusi wosalimba m'zovala zanu, ndikusokoneza mlandu wanu ngati mukubwereka ndikuyesa kuti eni nyumba achite. chinachake chokhudza vuto lanu lonyowa. Itha kukhala ngozi yamoto. Ikani zovala zanu pahatchi pamalo owala kwambiri m'nyumba mwanu, pokhapokha ndi chipinda chanu chogona. Osabwezeretsa zovala zonyowa mu zovala zanu. Kutulutsa nkhungu mu zovala kungakhale kowopsa, chifukwa simungangoyiyikapo ndi chochotsa nkhungu ndi burashi yolimba chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga zida.
Dehumidifier ikhoza kukuthandizani kuti muchepetse chinyezi chanyumba mwanu. Yang'anani masamba azogulitsa kuti mupeze mtundu wa air dehumidifier womwe mungasankhe.
7.Gwiritsani ntchito zoyeretsa zochepa zoipitsa
Ganizirani zosinthira ku njira zoyeretsera zomwe sizikuipitsa kwambiri. E-nsalu ndi nsalu za microfibre zomwe zimapangidwira kuchotsa mabakiteriya opitilira 99%. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikutsuka nsaluyo ndikuyipukuta, kuijambula pamalo anu odetsedwa ndikutsuka pambuyo pake ndi madzi otentha kapena mu makina ochapira. Viniga woyera amatha kukhala wabwino pantchito zina, monga kutsitsa ma ketulo ndi mitu yosambira, ndikusiya mazenera opanda mizere. Musagwiritse ntchito vinyo wosasa kuyeretsa magalasi, miyala kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali ya granite kapena matabwa kapena miyala, komabe, chifukwa zingawachititse kuti asiye kuwala. Osagwiritsanso ntchito mipeni, makina ochapira kapena zotsukira mbale, chifukwa zitha kuwononga. Soda yophikira imagwira ntchito modabwitsa pochotsa madontho ndi fungo, siwopsereza ndipo imakupulumutsani kuti musame kapena kugwiritsa ntchito bleach. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kupukuta zotsalira zakale za chakudya mkati mwa furiji, mwachitsanzo, kapena mutha kuziwonjezera ku miphika ndi mapoto kuti zithandizire kukweza zakudya zamakani, zokhuthala. Dziwani kuti, pankhani yotsatsa, mawu ngati 'wobiriwira', 'achilengedwe' ndi 'eco-friendly' nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda tanthauzo, chifukwa palibe malamulo oti azigwiritsa ntchito. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pazithunzi za maluwa, mitengo, mlengalenga wa buluu ndi nyanja. Posankha zotsukira, malangizo awiri osavuta ndikusankha zotsukira zonona kuposa zotsukira, ndi zopanda fungo kapena fungo lotsika ngati mungathe. Kununkhira kocheperako, chemistry yocheperako imatha kukhala.
8. Dziwani kuopsa kwa masitovu awotcha nkhuni
Asthma UK ndi British Lung Foundation amalimbikitsa kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito masitovu awotcha nkhuni.
Kafukufuku wa 2020 wochitidwa ndi ofufuza a University of Sheffield ndi University of Nottingham adapeza kuti masitovu okhalamo adatulutsa mphamvu yayikulu ya PM2.5 ndi PM1 - nkhani yomwe idadziwika kale ndi World Health Organisation (WHO) ngati chiwopsezo chachikulu chaumoyo, chotha kulowa m'mapapu anu ndi kulowa m'magazi anu. Ofufuza adayika zowunikira za mpweya m'nyumba za anthu omwe ali ndi zoyatsira matabwa ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa tinthu toyipa tomwe timakhala m'milungu inayi.
Ngati muli ndi chitofu choyaka kale kapena moto, muyenera kuwotcha nkhuni zouma zokha, zosatenthedwa. Mitundu ina yamafuta, monga zipika zonyowa ndi malasha a m'nyumba, imapanga zinthu zambiri kuposa mitengo youma ndi mafuta opanda utsi wa sulfure wochepa kwambiri, monga malasha a anthracite.
Mitengo ikapanda mpweya wokwanira, imatulutsa utsi wambiri komanso mpweya womwe ungakhale woopsa. Zimawonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa sooty mu chimney chanu. Onetsetsani kuti chowumitsira chitoliro chatseguka musanachigwiritse ntchito. Tsukani chitoliro ndi chimney nthawi zambiri kuti utsi ukhale ndi njira yopulumukira.
Sungani moto nthawi zonse, kuti chitolirocho chikhale pa kutentha koyenera. Izi zidzathandiza kupewa mpweya wa monoxide (CO) kuti utsike pa chumney. .
9. Ikani alamu ya carbon monoxide
CO ndi yopanda fungo ndipo imatha kupha. Koma ngakhale milingo yosapha imatha kukhala yovulaza, makamaka kwa omwe ali ndi mapapu opunduka kapena ofooka. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi chowunikira cha CO chomwe chikugwira ntchito, komanso kuti chili bwino. Onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa zizindikiro za poizoni wa carbon monoxide.
10. Osasuta m'nyumba
Simufunikanso kuti tikuuzeni za kuipa kwa kusuta. Mungadabwe kumva, ngakhale kuli tero, kuti pamene musuta, utsi wochuluka umatuluka mumpweya—momwe ena amaupumamo—kuposa umalowa m’mapapu anu. NHS imanena kuti utsi wa fodya (utsi umene umatuluka, kuphatikizapo utsi wochokera kumapeto kwa ndudu) umayika banja lanu pachiopsezo cha matenda omwewo monga osuta fodya, monga khansa ya m'mapapo ndi matenda a mtima. Ana amene amakhala m’nyumba yautsi amakhalanso ndi mwayi waukulu woti adwala matenda a mphumu, matenda opuma ndi zina. Utsi ukhoza kukhala mumlengalenga kwa maola ambiri mutamaliza kusuta, ndipo ukhoza kufalikira m’chipinda chimodzi ndi chipinda. Kutsegula zenera kapena chitseko sikungaletse utsi, chifukwa ukhoza kubwerera mkati ndi kukakamira pamalo monga ziwiya zofewa, kutulutsidwa pambuyo pake, nthawi zina m'njira zovulaza (kusuta fodya).
Bungwe la London Fire Brigade likuchenjeza kuti kusuta m'nyumba ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha ngozi zamoto. Ngati mufuna kusuta, tulukani panja, kutseka chitseko kumbuyo kwanu, ndi kuchoka panyumbapo. Kumbukirani kuti mukubweretsabe utsi kudzera muzovala zanu.
11.Chepetsani fumbi mnyumba mwanu
Ngakhale mutatsuka molimba komanso nthawi zambiri mumatsuka, simupeza nyumba yanu yopanda fumbi, koma mutha kuichepetsa. Osavala nsapato m'nyumba, sambani zofunda nthawi zonse ndikutenga zinthu zosachapitsidwa panja kuti muzigwedeza. NICE ikunenanso kuti muyenera kupewa kugula matiresi omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngati muli ndi matupi a fumbi.
Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya m'nyumba yobwereka
Mwachiwonekere ngati mukuchita lendi, mudzakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa pa khalidwe la mpweya m'nyumba mwanu kusiyana ndi ngati muli ndi malo anuanu. Lumikizanani ndi eni nyumba ngati: mpweya wolowera m'nyumba suli wokwanira (mwachitsanzo ngati polowera mpweya, ma fan opopera kapena zophikira zawonongeka) kukonza kofunika kuti madzi asalowe m'nyumba yotenthetsera komanso kukonza zotchingira zikufunika kuti zisasunthike.
