Nkhani yochokera ku CCTV(China Central Television) yokhudza “miyezo ya kamangidwe ka nyumba ya Jiangsu yasinthidwanso: nyumba iliyonse yokhalamo iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi mpweya wabwino” ikutichititsa chidwi posachedwapa, zomwe zimatikumbutsa za khalidwe la mpweya wa m’nyumba ku Ulaya, chimodzimodzinso kuno ku China. .
Mliriwu udapangitsa kuti anthu aziganizira kwambiri za mpweya wabwino wamkati. Choncho, muyezo umafuna kuti nyumba iliyonse ikhale ndi dongosolo lothandizira mpweya wabwino.
Pakalipano, ESD, Cohesion ndi Riverside Investment & Development akugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yamakono ya m'nyumba (IAQ) ya chilimwe. Nyumba yoyamba kuchititsa pulogalamuyi idzakhala Chicago's 150 North Riverside.
Pulogalamu yothandizanayi ipereka chitetezo chokwanira, chitonthozo ndi chitsimikizo kwa omwe akukhalamo pamene akubwerera m'nyumbayo mkati mwa mliri wa COVID-19. Pulogalamuyi imaphatikiza kuyeretsedwa kwa mpweya wachiwiri, makina apamwamba kwambiri azosefera zamalonda pamsika, mitengo ya mpweya yomwe imaposa miyezo ya dziko lonse, ndi 24/7/365 mpweya wamkati wamkati ndi kuyeza kodetsa ndi kutsimikizira.
Ndiye lero tikambirane za mpweya wabwino.
Pali njira zitatu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito polowetsa mpweya mnyumba: mpweya wabwino wachilengedwe,
mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, ndi kutentha / mphamvu yobwezeretsa mpweya wabwino
Mpweya wabwino wachilengedwe
Popeza mpweya wabwino umatengera kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha komanso kuthamanga kwa mphepo, zinthu zina zimatha kuyambitsa kupanikizika komwe kungasinthe kayendedwe ka mpweya, ndipo mwina mpweya wotuluka, womwe ungakhale woipitsidwa, ukhoza kukhala njira zoperekera mpweya, ndi zina zotero. kufalitsa zonyansa m'zipinda zochezeramo.
Nyengo zina, kutuluka kwa muluwo kumatha kusinthidwa (mivi yofiyira) m'machitidwe achilengedwe a mpweya wabwino omwe amadalira kusiyana kwa kutentha ngati mphamvu yoyendetsa mpweya.
Kupatula apo, ngati mwiniwake akugwiritsa ntchito mafani a ma cooker hood, makina oyeretsera vacuum wapakati kapena poyatsira moto amatha kusokoneza kusiyana komwe kumafunikira kuchokera ku mphamvu zachilengedwe ndikutembenuza madziwo.
1) Kutulutsa mpweya mu ntchito yabwino 2) Kutulutsa mpweya mu ntchito yabwino 3) Mpweya wodutsa mpweya mu ntchito yabwino 4) Kuyenda kwa mpweya wobwerera 5) Kutumiza mpweya chifukwa cha ntchito ya fan hood.
Njira yachiwiri ndi kutulutsa mpweya wabwino.
Njirayi yakhalapo kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900 ndipo yakhala yotchuka kwambiri m'malo okhalamo komanso ogulitsa. M'malo mwake, wakhala muyeso m'nyumba kwazaka zambiri. Zomwe ndi ubwino makina otulutsa mpweya wabwino monga:
- Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wabwino m'nyumba mukamagwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe;
- Chitsimikizo cha mpweya wabwino m'chipinda chilichonse chokhala ndi makina opangira mpweya wabwino;
- Kuponderezedwa kwakung'ono m'nyumbayo kumalepheretsa kuchepetsa chinyezi pakumanga makoma akunja ndipo motero kumapangitsa kuti ma condensation asamangidwe komanso kukula kwa nkhungu.
Komabe, mpweya wabwino wa makina umakhudzanso zina zopinga monga:
- Kulowa kwa mpweya kudzera mu envelopu yomanga kungapangitse zojambula m'nyengo yozizira kapena makamaka panthawi ya mphepo yamkuntho;
- Zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, koma kutentha kwa kutentha kuchokera ku mpweya wotuluka sikophweka kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kukwera mtengo kwa mphamvu izi zakhala vuto lalikulu kwa makampani kapena mabanja ambiri.
- Mwachizoloŵezi chachikhalidwe, mpweya nthawi zambiri umachokera ku khitchini, zipinda zosambira, ndi zimbudzi, ndipo mpweya wotulutsa mpweya sunagawidwe mofanana m'zipinda zogona ndi zipinda zogona chifukwa zimakhudzidwa ndi kukana kwa grilles ndi kuzungulira zitseko zamkati;
- Kugawidwa kwa mpweya wabwino wakunja kumadalira kutayikira mu envelopu yomanga.
Njira yomaliza ndi mphamvu / kutentha kubwezeretsa mpweya wabwino.
Nthawi zambiri, pali njira ziwiri zochepetsera kufunikira kwa mphamvu ya mpweya wabwino:
- Sinthani mpweya wabwino molingana ndi kufunikira kwenikweni;
- Bwezerani mphamvu kuchokera ku mpweya wabwino.
Komabe, pali magwero atatu otulutsa m'nyumba zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
- Kutulutsa kwa anthu (CO2, chinyezi, fungo);
- Kutulutsa kopangidwa ndi anthu (nthunzi wamadzi m'khitchini, zimbudzi, ndi zina);
- Kutulutsa kochokera kuzinthu zomanga ndi zopangira (zowononga, zosungunulira, zonunkhiritsa, VOC, etc.).
Makina obwezeretsa mphamvu, omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa enthalpy recovery ventilators, amagwira ntchito posamutsa mphamvu ya kutentha ndi chinyezi kuchokera mumpweya wanu wamkati kupita ku mpweya wabwino. M'nyengo yozizira, ERV imatulutsira kunja mpweya wanu wozizira, wofunda; panthawi imodzimodziyo, fan yaing'ono imakoka mpweya wabwino, wozizira kuchokera kunja. Pamene mpweya wotentha umatulutsidwa m'nyumba mwanu, ERV imachotsa chinyezi ndi mphamvu ya kutentha kuchokera ku mpweya uwu ndikusamalira mpweya wabwino wobwera nawo. M'chilimwe, zosiyana zimachitika: mpweya wozizira, wosasunthika umatha kunja, koma mpweya wosasunthika, womwe umatuluka umayambitsa mpweya wonyezimira, wofunda. Zotsatira zake zimakhala mpweya watsopano, wokonzedweratu, woyera womwe umalowa mu mpweya wa makina anu a HVAC kuti ubalalitsidwe mnyumba mwanu.
Zomwe zingapindule ndi mpweya wobwezeretsa mphamvu, makamaka ndi mfundo izi:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi
ERV ili ndi chotenthetsera chomwe chimatha kutenthetsa kapena kuziziritsa mpweya wobwera potumiza kutentha kupita kapena kutali ndi mpweya wotuluka, kotero kungakuthandizeni kusunga mphamvu ndikutsitsa ndalama zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Makina obwezeretsanso mphamvu ndi ndalama, koma pamapeto pake amadzilipira okha pochepetsa ndalama ndikuwonjezera chitonthozo. Itha kukulitsa mtengo wanyumba / ofesi yanu.
- Moyo Wautali Wadongosolo Lanu la HVAC
ERV imatha kuchiza mpweya wabwino womwe ukubwera kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomwe makina anu a HVAC akuyenera kuchita, zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwadongosolo lanu lonse.
- Chinyezi chokhazikika
M'nyengo yachilimwe, ERV imathandiza kuchotsa chinyezi chochulukirapo kuchokera ku mpweya wobwera; M'nyengo yozizira, ERV imawonjezera chinyezi chofunikira pampweya wozizira wouma, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chinyezi chikhale bwino m'nyumba.
- Kupititsa patsogolo mpweya wamkati
Nthawi zambiri, ma ventilators obwezeretsa mphamvu amakhala ndi zosefera zake zomwe zimatha kujambula zowononga zisanalowe mnyumba mwanu ndikukhudza thanzi la banja lanu. Zida zimenezi zikachotsa mpweya wouma, zimachotsanso dothi, mungu, pet dander, fumbi, ndi zowononga zina. Amachepetsanso ma organic compounds (VOCs) monga benzene, ethanol, xylene, acetone, ndi formaldehyde.
M'nyumba zocheperako komanso Zopanda Mphamvu, pafupifupi 50% ya kutayika kwa kutentha kumachitika chifukwa cha mpweya wabwino. Chitsanzo cha Passive Houses chikuwonetsa kuti kufunikira kotenthetsera kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zobwezeretsanso mpweya.
M'nyengo yozizira, zotsatira za mphamvu / kutentha kutentha ndizofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, nyumba pafupifupi ziro mphamvu (zofunikira ku EU kuyambira 2021) zitha kumangidwa ndi mpweya wotenthetsera / wobwezeretsa mphamvu.
