Ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo, ukuhluzwa kunye nokufuma kunciphisa ukusasazeka kwezifo ezisulelayo njenge-coronavirus entsha.
NguJoseph G. Allen
UGqr. Allen ungumlawuli wenkqubo yeZakhiwo eziphilileyo eHarvard TH Chan School of Public Health.
[Eli nqaku liyinxalenye ye-coronavirus ephuhlayo, kwaye inokuba ishiywe lixesha. ]
Ngowe-1974, intombazana eselula eyayinemasisi yaya esikolweni kumntla weNew York. Nangona ama-97 ekhulwini abo wayefunda nabo baye bagonywa, abangama-28 baphela sele besulelwe sesi sifo. Abafundi abosulelekileyo basasazwa kumagumbi okufundela ali-14, kodwa intombazana encinci, isigulana sesalathiso, yachitha ixesha kuphela kwigumbi layo lokufundela. Umoni? Isistim yokungenisa umoya esebenza ngendlela yokujikeleza efunxa amasuntswana entsholongwane egazini eklasini yakhe yaza yasasaza isikolo.
Izakhiwo, njengoko lo mzekelo wembali ezibalaseleyo, zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekusasazeni izifo.
Ukubuyela ngoku, obona bungqina buphakamileyo bamandla ezakhiwo okusasaza i-coronavirus busuka kwinqanawa yokuhamba ngenqanawa - ngokusisiseko sisakhiwo esidadayo. Kubantu abangama-3,000 okanye ngaphezulu abakhweli kunye nabasebenzi abakhwele kwiNkosazana yeDayimane evalelwe yedwa, ubuncinane 700 Bayaziwa ukuba bosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha, izinga losulelo oluphezulu kakhulu kunelo lase-Wuhan, e-China, apho isifo saqala ukufunyanwa khona.
Ithetha ukuthini loo nto kuthi thina bangekho kwiinqanawa ezihamba ngenqanawa kodwa bagxile ezikolweni, eziofisini okanye kwizakhiwo eziqeshisayo? Abanye basenokuzibuza enoba bafanele basabele emaphandleni na, njengoko abantu bebesenza ngaphambili ngamaxesha obhubhani. Kodwa kuye kwavela ukuba ngelixa iimeko ezixineneyo zasedolophini zinokunceda ukusasazeka kwesigulo sentsholongwane, izakhiwo zinokusebenza njengezithintelo kungcoliseko. Sisicwangciso solawulo esingafumani ngqalelo esiyifaneleyo.
Isizathu kukuba kusekho ingxoxo malunga nokuba i-coronavirus entsha ebangela i-Covid-19 isasazeka njani. Oku kubangele indlela emxinwa kakhulu ethathwe yi-Federal Centres for Disease Control and Prevention kunye ne-World Health Organization. Yimpazamo leyo.
Izikhokelo zangoku zisekwe kubungqina bokuba intsholongwane isasazwa ikakhulu ngamathontsi okuphefumla - amathontsi amakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha abonakalayo akhutshwayo xa umntu ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Ke isindululo sokugquma ukhohlokhohlo kunye nokuthimla, hlamba izandla zakho, ucoce umphezulu kwaye ugcine umgama wokuhlala.
Kodwa xa abantu bekhohlela okanye bathimla, abakhuphi nje kuphela amathontsi amakhulu kodwa namasuntswana amancinane asemoyeni abizwa ngokuba yi-droplet nuclei, anokuhlala phezulu aze ahanjiswe ngeenxa zonke kwizakhiwo.
Uphando lwangaphambili lwee-coronavirus ezimbini zamva nje lubonise ukuba usulelo lomoya lwalusenzeka. Oku kuxhaswa bubungqina bokuba indawo yosulelo yenye yezo coronavirus yayiyeyona iphecana lokuphefumla elisezantsi, ezinokubangelwa kuphela ngamasuntswana amancinci anokuphefumlelwa ngokunzulu.
Oku kusibuyisela kwizakhiwo. Ukuba zilawulwa kakuhle, zinokusasaza izifo. Kodwa ukuba siyayilungisa, singabhalisa izikolo, iiofisi kunye namakhaya ethu kulo mlo.
Nantsi into ekufanele ukuba siyayenza. Okokuqala, ukuzisa umoya othe chatha wangaphandle kwizakhiwo ezineenkqubo zokufudumeza nezokuphuma komoya (okanye ukuvula iifestile kwizakhiwo ezingenazo) kunceda ukungcungcuthekisa ungcoliseko oluphuma emoyeni, lwenza ukuba usuleleko lungabi lula. Kangangeminyaka, besisenza okuchaseneyo: ukutywina iifestile zethu zivale kwaye sijikeleze umoya. Umphumo uba zizikolo nezakhiwo zeeofisi ezisoloko zingena kungena umoya. Oku akuniki nje ukomeleza usulelo lwesifo, kubandakanywa izibetho eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-norovirus okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, kodwa kwakhona kuphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Uphononongo olupapashiweyo kunyaka ophelileyo nje bafumanise ukuba ukuqinisekisa nokuba amanqanaba amancinane okungena komoya wangaphandle kunciphisa usulelo lomkhuhlane kangangoko nokuba neepesenti ezingama-50 ukuya kuma-60 epesenti abantu abagonywe kwisakhiwo.
Izakhiwo ngokuqhelekileyo zijikeleza umoya othile, oye wabonakala ukhokelela kumngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo ngexesha loqhambuko, njengoko umoya ongcolileyo kwindawo enye usasazwa kwezinye iindawo zesakhiwo (njengoko bekunjalo esikolweni ngemasisi). Xa kubanda kakhulu okanye kushushu kakhulu, umoya ophuma kwigumbi lokufundela okanye eofisini unokujikeleziswa kwakhona ngokupheleleyo. Leyo yiresiphi yentlekele.
Ukuba umoya kufuneka ujikelezwe kwakhona, unganciphisa ukungcoliseka okunqamlezayo ngokunyusa inqanaba lokuhluza. Uninzi lwezakhiwo zisebenzisa izihluzi ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezinokubamba ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezingama-20 zamasuntswana entsholongwane. Uninzi lwezibhedlele, nangona kunjalo, zisebenzisa isihluzo ngento eyaziwa ngokuba yi-a MERV ireyithingi ye-13 okanye ngaphezulu. Kwaye ngesizathu esihle - banokubamba ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-80 zeentsholongwane zentsholongwane emoyeni.
Kwizakhiwo ezingenayo Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ngoomatshini, okanye ukuba ufuna ukuncedisa inkqubo yesakhiwo sakho kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu, izicoci zomoya eziphathwayo zinokusebenza ngempumelelo ekulawuleni ukuxinana kwamasuntswana emoyeni. Uninzi lwezicoci zomoya eziphathwayo ezisemgangathweni zisebenzisa izihluzi ze-HEPA, ezithatha iipesenti ezingama-99.97 zamasuntswana.
Ezi ndlela zixhaswa bubungqina obubambekayo. Kumsebenzi weqela lam wamva nje, osandul' ukufakwa kuphononongo loontanga, sifumanise ukuba imasisi, isifo esonganyelwe lusulelo ngomoya, ukunciphisa umngcipheko omkhulu kunokufezekiswa ngokunyusa izinga lokungena komoya kunye nokuphucula amanqanaba okucoca. (Imasisi iza nento esebenza ngcono nangakumbi esingekabinayo kule coronavirus - isitofu sokugonya.)
Kukwakho nobungqina obaneleyo bokuba iintsholongwane ziphila ngcono kumanzi aphantsi - kanye okwenzeka ebusika, okanye ehlotyeni kwiindawo ezinomoya opholileyo. Ezinye iinkqubo zokufudumeza nezokuphefumla zixhotyiselwe ukugcina ukufuma kowona luhlu lufanelekileyo lweepesenti ezingama-40 ukuya kuma-60 ekhulwini, kodwa uninzi alunjalo. Kwimeko apho, i-humidifiers ephathekayo inokunyusa ukufuma kumagumbi, ngakumbi kwikhaya.
Okokugqibela, i-coronavirus inokusasazeka kwindawo engcolisekileyo-izinto ezifana nezibambo zocango kunye neetafile, amaqhosha eelevator kunye neeselfowuni. Ukucoca rhoqo le miphezulu iphezulu kunokuncedisa. Kwikhaya lakho kunye neendawo ezinomngcipheko ophantsi, iimveliso zokucoca eziluhlaza zilungile. (Izibhedlele zisebenzisa izibulala-ntsholongwane ezibhalisiweyo yi-EPA.) Enoba kusekhaya, esikolweni okanye eofisini, kuhle ukucoca rhoqo nangakumbi xa kukho abantu abosulelekileyo.
Ukunciphisa impembelelo yalo bhubhani kuya kufuna indlela ebandakanya konke. Ngokungaqiniseki okubalulekileyo okuseleyo, kufanele ukuba siphosa yonke into esinayo kwesi sifo esosulelayo kakhulu. Oko kuthetha ukukhulula isixhobo esiyimfihlo kwindawo yethu yezixhobo - izakhiwo zethu.
UJoseph Allen (@j_g_allen) ngumlawuli we Inkqubo yeZakhiwo ezisempilweni kwisikolo saseHarvard TH Chan seMpilo yoLuntu kunye nombhali-ncwadi "Izakhiwo ezisempilweni: IiNdawo zangaphakathi ziqhuba njani ukusebenza kunye nemveliso. " Ngelixa uGqr. Allen efumene inkxaso-mali yophando ngeenkampani ezahlukeneyo, iziseko kunye namaqela angenzi nzuzo kwishishini lokwakha, akukho namnye owaba nenxaxheba kweli nqaku.
