Muva nje, okunye ukuqubuka kokutheleleka nge-coronavirus kubikwe endaweni evaliwe ephethwe. Ukuqaliswa kabusha okukhulu kwezinkampani/izikole/nezitolo ezinkulu ezifana nezindawo zomphakathi ezweni lonke kusinikeze imininingwane emisha yokuthi i-coronavirus ingavinjelwa kanjani ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi ezakhiweni zomphakathi.
Kusukela emacaleni aphilayo okutheleleka ngegciwane, ejele eliphethwe elivaliwe, kunabantu abangama-207 abangenwe yileli gciwane, kanti emkhunjini ohamba ngomkhumbi i-Diamond Princess, bangaphezu kuka-500 abantu abangenwa yilesi sifo. Lezo zibonelo zafakazela kithi ukuthi ezindaweni eziminyene, ikakhulukazi indawo evalekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo yokuphatha abasebenzi evaliwe enezimo ezilula noma umkhumbi wokuhamba kanokusho, kuzoholela ekuthelelekeni ngenxa yokungangeni kahle komoya noma inkinga yokusebenza kwemikhumbi. uhlelo lokupholisa umoya.
Manje ake sithathe isakhiwo esijwayelekile njengesibonelo sokuhlaziya uhlelo lwaso lokungenisa umoya, futhi sibone ukuthi ukulawula ngempumelelo ukuthelelana ngezifo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.
Nansi indlela yejele elivamile. Ngokusho kwemithetho yezakhiwo ezinjalo, ukuthi inani labantu ekamelweni labesilisa noma labesifazane akufanele lidlule i-20.Lona umklamo ophakathi nendawo onemibhede engu-12 ekamelweni ngalinye.
Umfanekiso 1: isakhiwo sejele
Ukuze kuvinjwe iziboshwa ukuthi zingaphunyuki, indawo yokukhipha umoya yangaphandle ijwayele ukuklanywa ukuthi ibe ncane kakhulu. Ukucaciswa kugcizelela ngokuqinile ukuthi ifasitela livinjelwe ukuba lidlule i-25cm.Ngokujwayelekile, ukuphuma kwegumbi ngalinye kuphakathi kuka-10 ~ 20cm.Ngenxa yokuthi igumbi lenziwe ngamabhantshi angaphezulu naphansi, ukuphakama asikho ngaphansi kuka-3.6m ngokusho kokwakhiwa kwejele. izindinganiso. Ngakho usayizi oyisisekelo waleli jele cishe u-3.9m ububanzi, 7.2m ubude, 3.6m ukuphakama, futhi umthamo ophelele ungu-100m3.
Kukhona amandla amabili okushayela umoya wemvelo, eyodwa ingcindezi yomoya kanti enye ingcindezi eshisayo.Ngokubala, uma ijele elinjalo linembobo yangaphandle engu-20cm ngo-20cm futhi ivulwa endaweni ephakeme engaphezu kuka-3m, izinga lokungena komoya lilonke. yegumbi kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-0.8 no-1h-1.Lokho kusho ukuthi umoya osegumbini ungashintshwa ngokuphelele cishe njalo ngehora.
Umfanekiso 2 wokubala wezikhathi zokushintsha komoya
Ngakho-ke indlela yokwahlulela uhlelo lwe-ventilation luhle noma lubi?
Inkomba ebalulekile ingxenye yevolumu ye-carbon dioxide.Abantu abaningi, ukungena komoya okuncane, ingxenyenamba yevolumu ye-carbon dioxide yasendlini izokhuphuka, nakuba i-carbon dioxide ngokwayo ingenaphunga, kodwa iyinkomba.
Eminyakeni engaphezu kwe-100 edlule, uMax Joseph Pettenkofer, umJalimane owaqala ukwethula umqondo wokungena komoya, waphuma nefomula evamile yezempilo: 1000 × 10-6. Le nkomba inegunya kuze kube manje. Uma ingxenyana yevolumu ye-carbon dioxide yasendlini ilawulwa ngaphansi kwe-1000 × 10-6, indawo yomoya enempilo ingagcinwa ngokuyisisekelo, futhi abantu abanamathuba amancane okudlulisela izifo komunye nomunye.
UMax Joseph Pettenkofer
Ngakho-ke iyini ingxenye yevolumu ye-carbon dioxide kuleli gumbi? Senze isibalo sokulingisa, uma abantu abangu-12 bebhekwa njengabangamanga. Ukuphakama kwekamelo elinjalo, ubukhulu bekamelo kanye nevolumu yokuphefumula, ingxenyenamba yevolumu ezinzile ye-carbon dioxide ingu-2032 × 10-6, cishe kabili izinga le-1000 × 10-6.
Angikaze ngiye endaweni yokuphatha evaliwe, kodwa kubonakala sengathi abantu bavame ukusho ukuthi umoya ungcolile.
Lezi zigameko ezimbili, ikakhulukazi isigameko sakamuva sezifo ezingama-207, zisinikeza isexwayiso esikhulu sokuthi ukuqalisa kabusha umsebenzi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi kudinga ukuqapha okukhethekile.
Indawo egcwele abantu ejwayele ukukhiqiza imiphumela efanayo yigumbi lokufundela. Ikilasi ngokuvamile liba nabafundi abangaba ngu-50 abahlangene ndawonye. Futhi ngokuvamile bahlala amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-5. Ebusika, abantu ngeke bakhethe ukuvula amafasitela ukuze kungene umoya, ngoba kuyabanda. Kukhona ingozi yokutheleleka ngegciwane. Uma ukala ingxenye yevolumu ye-carbon dioxide ekilasini eligcwele abantu ebusika, abaningi babo badlula i-1000 × 10-6.
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokubhekana nokuthelelana nge-coronavirus, futhi cishe okuwukuphela kwendlela etholakalayo, ukungena komoya.
Nakuba indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthola umoya wokungenisa umoya ukukala umthamo we-carbon dioxide. Ngokuyisisekelo siyazi ukuthi uma ivolumu ye-Co2 ingaphansi kuka-550 × 10-6, lapho imvelo iphephile kakhulu, ngisho noma kukhona iziguli ngabanye ekamelweni.Ngokuphambene nalokho, singakwazi ukwazi, uma ivolumu ye-carbon dioxide ingaphezulu kuka 1000×10-6, akuphephile.
Abaphathi bezakhiwo kufanele bahlole izimo zomoya zezakhiwo nsuku zonke. Uma ukhathazekile, thatha ithuluzi uhambe nalo. Uma kungenjalo, sebenzisa ikhala lakho.Ikhala lomuntu lingumtshina ongcono kakhulu futhi ozwelayo, Uma isimo somoya singesihle, gijima ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Manje umphakathi ubuyela kancane kancane ekukhiqizeni nasekusebenzeni okuvamile, kufanele sicophelele ngangokunokwenzeka lapho sisendaweni evalekile, njengenxanxathela yezitolo engaphansi komhlaba, amaphasishi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye namakilasi, amagumbi okulinda nezinye izindawo eziminyene.
