Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezinhlelo zokushisisa, ukungena komoya kanye nezipholile (i-HVAC) kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwezindleko zamafutha ezinsalela kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola izindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezakhiweni ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukunethezeka kanye nekhwalithi yomoya wasendlini kuyinselele yocwaningo eqhubekayo. Indlela eyodwa efakazelwe yokufeza ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ezinhlelweni ze-HVAC iwukuklama amasistimu asebenzisa ukumiswa kwamanoveli kwezingxenye zesistimu ezikhona. Isiyalo ngasinye se-HVAC sinezidingo ezithile zokuklama futhi ngasinye sinikeza amathuba okonga amandla. Amasistimu e-HVAC awonga amandla angadalwa ngokumisa kabusha amasistimu avamile ukuze kusetshenziswe amasu amaningi ezingxenye zesistimu ezikhona. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonise ukuthi inhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe be-air conditioning ekhona inganikeza izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunethezeka kokushisa. Leli phepha liphenya futhi libuyekeze ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene nezindlela, futhi libonisa amandla azo okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-HVAC ukuze kwehliswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Kusu ngalinye, kuqale kwethulwe incazelo emfushane bese ngokubuyekeza izifundo zangaphambilini, umthelela waleyo ndlela ekongeni amandla we-HVAC uyaphenywa. Ekugcineni, kwenziwa ucwaningo lokuqhathanisa phakathi kwalezi zindlela.
5.Amasistimu okubuyisela ukushisa
Izindinganiso ze-ASHRAE zincoma inani lomoya ohlanzekile odingekayo wezakhiwo ezahlukene. Umoya ongenambandela unyusa kakhulu izidingo zokupholisa zesakhiwo, okuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele kwezinhlelo ze-HVAC zesakhiwo. Embonini yokupholisa emaphakathi, inani lomoya ohlanzekile linqunywa ngokusekelwe emikhawulweni ephezulu yokugxilisa ukungcola komoya kwangaphakathi okuvamise ukuba phakathi kuka-10% no-30% wenani eliphelele lokugeleza komoya [69]. Ezakhiweni zesimanje ukulahlekelwa komoya omncane kungaba ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50 wokulahlekelwa okuphelele kokushisa [70]. Kodwa-ke, ukungena komoya ngemishini kungadla amandla afinyelela ku-50% asetshenziswa ezakhiweni zokuhlala [71]. Ukwengeza, ezindaweni ezishisayo nezinomswakama izinhlelo zokungenisa umoya ngemishini ezifanele mayelana ne-20-40% yengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya[72]. Nasif et al. [75] itadishe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwaminyaka yonke kwesipholile somoya kuhlanganiswe ne-enthalpy/membrane heat exchanger futhi yaqhathanisa nesipholile somoya esivamile. Bathole ukuthi esimweni sezulu esiswakeme, ukonga amandla ngonyaka afika ku-8% kungenzeka uma usebenzisa isishintshi sokushisa ulwelwesi esikhundleni sohlelo oluvamile lwe-HVAC.
Isishintshi sokushisa esiphelele se-Holtop senziwe ngephepha le-ER elibonakala ngomswakama ophezulu ukungena kwamanzi, ukucinana komoya okuhle, ukumelana nezinyembezi okuhle kakhulu, nokumelana nokuguga. Ukuvunyelwa phakathi kwemicu kuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ama-molecule womswakama we-diameter encane kuphela angadlula, ama-molecule ephunga anobubanzi obukhulu awakwazi ukudlula kuwo. Ngale ndlela, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kungabuyiselwa kahle, futhi kuvimbele ukungcola kungene emoyeni omusha.
6.Umphumela wokuziphatha kokwakha
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesistimu ye-HVAC akuncikile kuphela ekusebenzeni kwayo nemingcele yokusebenza, kodwa futhi nasezicini zesidingo sokushisisa nokupholisa kanye nokuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kwe-thermo kwesakhiwo. Umthwalo wangempela wamasistimu we-HVAC ungaphansi kwalokho oklanywe ngawo ezikhathini eziningi zokusebenza ngenxa yokuziphatha kokwakha. Ngakho-ke, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinomthelela ekuncishisweni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla e-HVAC esakhiweni esithile ukulawula okufanele kwesidingo sokushisisa nokupholisa. Ukulawulwa okudidiyelwe kwezingxenye zomthwalo wokupholisa wesakhiwo, njengemisebe yelanga, ukukhanya nomoya omusha, kungaholela ekongeni kwamandla okubalulekile endaweni yokupholisa yesakhiwo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe u-70% yokonga amandla kungenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bedizayini obungcono ukuxhumanisa isidingo sebhilidi namandla esistimu yayo ye-HVAC. Korolija et al. iphenya ubudlelwano phakathi kokushisisa kwebhilidi nomthwalo wokupholisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okwalandela namasistimu ahlukene e-HVAC. Imiphumela yabo ibonise ukuthi ukusebenza kwamandla esakhiwo akukwazi ukulinganisa kuphela ngokusekelwe esidingweni sokushisisa isakhiwo nokupholisa ngenxa yokuncika kwayo ezicini ezishisayo ze-HVAC. Huang etal. ithuthukiswe futhi yahlola imisebenzi emihlanu yokulawulwa kwamandla ehlelwe ngokuya ngokuziphatha kwesakhiwo futhi yasetshenziswa kusistimu ye-HVAC yevolumu yomoya eguquguqukayo. Imiphumela yabo yokulingisa ibonise ukuthi ukonga amandla okungu-17% kungafinyelelwa uma uhlelo lusetshenziswa ngale misebenzi yokulawula.
Amasistimu avamile we-HVAC athembele kakhulu emandleni akhiqizwa kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, aphela ngokushesha. Lokhu kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sengqalasizinda eyongayo kanye nemishini sekwenze kwadingeka ukuthi kufakwe izinto ezintsha kanye nokulungiswa kabusha kwezakhiwo ezihlala abantu abaningi ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola izindlela ezintsha eziya ezakhiweni eziluhlaza ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukunethezeka kanye nekhwalithi yomoya wasendlini kuseyinselelo yocwaningo nentuthuko. Ukwehliswa okuphelele okufinyelelekayo kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokunethezeka kwabantu ezakhiweni kuncike ekusebenzeni kwamasistimu e-HVAC. Indlela eyodwa efakazelwe yokufeza ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ezinhlelweni ze-HVAC iwukuklama amasistimu asebenzisa ukumiswa kwamanoveli kwezingxenye zesistimu ezikhona. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonise ukuthi inhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe be-air conditioning ekhona inganikeza izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunethezeka kokushisa. Kuleli phepha kwaphenywa amasu ahlukahlukene okonga amandla wezinhlelo ze-HVAC futhi kwaxoxwa ngawo namandla azo okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu. Kutholwe ukuthi izici eziningana ezifana nezimo zezulu, induduzo eshisayo elindelekile, izindleko zokuqala nezemali, ukutholakala kwemithombo yamandla kanye nesicelo.
Funda iphepha eligcwele elithi REVIEW-ON-ENERGY-EFFICIENCY-TECHNOLOGIES-FOR-HEATING-VENTILATION-AND-AIR-CONDITIONING-HVAC
TY – JOUR
AU – Bhagwat, Ajay
AU – Teli, S.
I-AU – Gunaki, Pradeep
AU – Majali, Vijay
PY - 2015/12/01
SP -
T1 – Iphepha Lokubuyekeza Mayelana Nobuchwepheshe Bokusebenza Ngokusebenza Kwamandla Okushisisa , Ukungenisa umoya kanye Ne-Air Conditioning (HVAC)
i-VL-6
JO – Ijenali Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yocwaningo Lwesayensi Nobunjiniyela
ER -
