Ukungenisa umoya okubuyisa ukushisa kanye nokukhipha umoya okubuyisa amandla kunganikeza izinhlelo zokungenisa umoya ezingabizi kakhulu ezinciphisa umswakama nokulahlekelwa ukushisa.
Izinzuzo zokushisa kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya zokuvuselela amandla
1) anciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngakho okokufaka ukushisa okuncane (okusuka komunye umthombo) kuyadingeka ukuze kukhuphule izinga lokushisa lasendlini libe sezingeni elithokomele.
2) Kudingeka amandla amancane ukuhambisa umoya kunokuwushisa
3) lezi zinhlelo zonga kakhulu esakhiweni esingenawo umoya futhi uma zifakwe njengengxenye yokwakhiwa kwendlu entsha noma ukulungiswa okukhulu - azikufanelanga kahle ukubuyisela kabusha.
4) banikeza umoya omncane lapho amafasitela avulekile engaba yingozi yezokuphepha futhi emakamelweni angenamafasitela (isb. izindlu zangasese zangaphakathi nezindlu zangasese)
5) bangasebenza njengohlelo lokungenisa umoya ehlobo ngokudlula uhlelo lokudlulisa ukushisa futhi bamane bashintshe umoya wasendlini ngomoya wangaphandle.
6) banciphisa umswakama wasendlini ebusika, njengoba umoya opholile wangaphandle unomswakama ophansi.
Basebenza kanjani
Amasistimu okungenisa umoya okubuyisela ukufudumala kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya zokuvuselela amandla yizinhlelo zokungenisa umoya ezidonswayo ezihlanganisa iziphephetha-moya ezimbili - eyodwa ezodonsa umoya ngaphandle neyodwa ukuze isuse umoya wangaphakathi odala.
Isishintshi sokushisa esisuka emoyeni siye emoyeni, esivame ukufakwa endaweni yophahla, sibuyisela ukushisa emoyeni wangaphakathi ngaphambi kokuthi kukhishelwe ngaphandle, futhi sifudumeza umoya ongenayo ngokushisa okutholiwe.
Amasistimu okubuyisela ukushisa angasebenza kahle. I-BRANZ yenze isilingo endlini yokuhlola futhi ingqikithi yathola cishe u-73% walokho kushisa okuvela emoyeni ophumayo - ngokuhambisana nokusebenza kahle okujwayelekile okungu-70% kwama-cross-flow cores. Ukuklama nokufaka ngokucophelela kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe leli zinga lokusebenza kahle - ukusebenza kahle kwangempela okulethwayo kungehla ngaphansi kwama-30% uma ukulahlekelwa komoya wokudonsa nokushisa kungacatshangelwa kahle. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ukusetha ukukhishwa okulinganiselwe kanye nokugeleza komoya othathayo kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu.
Okufanelekile, zama kuphela ukubuyisela ukushisa emakamelweni lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphezulu kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa langaphandle, futhi ulethe umoya oshisayo oshisayo emakamelweni afakwe izivikelo eziqinile ukuze ukushisa kungalahleki.
Amasistimu okubuyisela ukushisa ahlangabezana nemfuneko yokukhipha umoya omusha wangaphandle esigatshaneni Sekhodi Yokwakha G4 Ukungenisa umoya.
Qaphela: Ezinye izinhlelo ezidonsa umoya endlini zisuka esikhaleni sophahla ziyakhangiswa noma zithuthukiswe njengamasistimu okubuyisela ukushisa. Umoya ovela esikhaleni sophahla awuwona umoya omusha wangaphandle. Uma ukhetha isistimu yokungenisa umoya yokubuyisela ukushisa, qinisekisa ukuthi isistimu ehlongozwayo empeleni ihlanganisa idivayisi yokutakula ukushisa.
Amasistimu wokungenisa umoya wokubuyisela amandla
Amasistimu okungenisa umoya okubuyisela kabusha amandla afana nezinhlelo zokubuyisela ukushisa kodwa adlulisa umhwamuko wamanzi kanye namandla okushisa, ngaleyo ndlela alawule amazinga omswakama. Ehlobo, bangasusa omunye umhwamuko emoyeni wangaphandle onomswakama ngaphambi kokuba ulethwe endlini; ebusika, bangadlulisa umswakama kanye namandla okushisa emoyeni wangaphandle obandayo, owomisayo ongenayo.
Amasistimu okubuyisela amandla awusizo ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophansi kakhulu lapho kungase kudingeke khona umswakama owengeziwe, kodwa uma ukususwa komswakama kuyadingeka, ungacacisi uhlelo lokudlulisa umswakama.
Ukulinganisa isistimu
Imfuneko Yekhodi Yokwakha yokungenisa umoya omusha wangaphandle idinga ukungena komoya ezindaweni ezinabantu ngokuhambisana I-NZS 4303:1990 Ukungenisa umoya kwekhwalithi yomoya yasendlini eyamukelekayo. Lokhu kusetha izinga ekushintsheni komoya okungu-0.35 ngehora, okulingana nengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yawo wonke umoya osendlini oshintshwayo njalo ngehora.
Ukuze unqume ubukhulu besistimu yokukhipha umoya edingekayo, bala umthamo wangaphakathi wendlu noma ingxenye yendlu edingekayo ukuze ifakwe umoya futhi wande ivolumu ngo-0.35 ukuze uthole umthamo omncane wokushintsha umoya ngehora.
Ngokwesibonelo:
1)yendlu enendawo ephansi engama-80 m2 kanye nomthamo wangaphakathi we-192 m3 – phindaphinda 192 x 0.35 = 67.2 m3/h
2)yendlu enendawo ephansi engama-250 m2 futhi umthamo wangaphakathi 600 m3 – phindaphinda 600 x 0.35 = 210 m3/h.
Ukudonsa
Ukudonsa kufanele kuvumele ukumelana nokugeleza komoya. Khetha usayizi omkhulu wokudonsa ngendlela okungenzeka ngayo njengobukhulu bobubanzi be-ducting, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokugeleza komoya kanye nomsindo wokugeleza komoya uphansi.
Usayizi ojwayelekile wepayipi uwububanzi obungama-200 mm, okufanele usetshenziswe lapho kungenzeka khona, wehliselwe ku-150 noma 100 mm ububanzi odonsa amapayipi osilingi noma ama-grille uma kudingeka.
Ngokwesibonelo:
1)imbobo kasilingi engu-100 mm inganikeza umoya ohlanzekile owanele ekamelweni elinevolumu yangaphakathi engu-40 m3
2)Ekamelweni elikhudlwana, zombili izintuba zokukhipha umoya kanye nokuphakela amagesi osilingi noma ama-grille kufanele okungenani kube ububanzi obuyi-150 mm ububanzi – uma kungenjalo, kungasetshenziswa izintuba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezinobubanzi obuyi-100 mm.
Ukudonsa kufanele:
1)ibe nezindawo zangaphakathi ezibushelelezi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise ukumelana nokugeleza komoya
2)iba nenani elincane lokugoba okungenzeka
3)lapho ukugoba kungenakugwenywa khona, yiba nobubanzi obukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka
4)akunamajika aqinile njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukumelana nokugeleza komoya okubalulekile
5)kufakwe i-insulated ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa kanye nomsindo wepayipi
6)iba ne-condensate drain yokudonsa umoya ukuze uvumele ukukhishwa komswakamo odalwa lapho ukushisa kususwa emoyeni.
I-ventilation yokuvuselela ukushisa nayo inketho yekamelo elilodwa. Kunamayunithi angafakwa odongeni lwangaphandle ngaphandle kwe-ducting edingekayo.
Faka futhi ukhiphe ama-vents noma ama-grilles
Thola ukuhlinzekwa komoya kanye nama-exhaust vents noma ama-grille ukuze ukhulise ukusebenza kwesistimu:
1) Thola izindawo zokungena ezindaweni zokuhlala, isibonelo, igumbi lokuhlala, igumbi lokudlela, igumbi lokufunda nelokulala.
2)Thola izintuba zokukhipha umoya lapho kukhiqizwa khona umswakama (ikhishi nezindlu zangasese) ukuze iphunga nomoya omanzi kungadonselwa ezindaweni zokuhlala ngaphambi kokuthi kukhishwe umoya.
3)Enye inketho iwukuba kutholwe izimbobo zokuphakela ezinhlangothini ezihlukene zendlu ezinentuba yokukhipha umoya ephasishi noma indawo emaphakathi endlini ukuze kuhanjiswe umoya opholile, ofudumele endaweni ezungezile yendlu (isb. amagumbi okuhlala namagumbi okulala) kanye igeleza iye endaweni yokukhipha umoya emaphakathi.
4) Thola ukutholakala kwasendlini kanye nezindawo zokukhipha umoya eziphuma kude phakathi kwamakamelo ukuze ukwandise ukujikeleza komoya omusha, ofudumele esikhaleni.
5) Thola ukutholakala komoya ongaphandle kanye nezindawo zokukhipha umoya eziphumayo eziqhelelene ngokwanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umoya okhipha umoya awudonselwa emoyeni omusha. Uma kungenzeka, zibeke ezinhlangothini ezihlukene zendlu.
Isondlo
Uhlelo kufanele luseviswe njalo ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnikazi wendlu kufanele enze izidingo ezijwayelekile zokunakekela ezishiwo umenzi, ezingase zihlanganise:
1) ukushintsha izihlungi zomoya 6 noma 12 njalo ngenyanga
2)ukuhlanza izivalo nezikrini zangaphandle, ngokuvamile eziyi-12 nyanga zonke
3) ukuhlanza iyunithi yokushintsha ukushisa okungama-12 noma angama-24 nyanga zonke
4)ukuhlanza umsele we-condensate namapani ukususa isikhunta, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta 12 ngenyanga.
Okuqukethwe ngenhla kuvela ekhasini lewebhu: https://www.level.org.nz/energy/active-ventilation/air-supply-ventilation-systems/heat-and-energy-recovery-ventilation-systems/. Ngiyabonga.
