Izindaba ezivela ku-CCTV(China Central Television) mayelana “nezindinganiso zedizayini yezindlu zaseJiangsu ezibuyekeziwe: yonke indlu yokuhlala kufanele ifakwe nohlelo lomoya omusha” zidonsa amehlo ethu muva nje, ezisikhumbuza izindaba zekhwalithi yomoya wasendlini eYurophu, efanayo nalapha eChina namanje. .
Lolu bhubhane lwenze abantu ukuthi banake kakhulu izinga lomoya wasendlini. Ngakho-ke, izinga lidinga ukuthi indlu ngayinye kufanele ifakwe uhlelo oluhlelekile lokungenisa umoya ohlanzekile.
Okwamanje, i-ESD, Cohesion kanye ne-Riverside Investment & Development zisebenzisa uhlelo lwesimanje lwekhwalithi yomoya wangaphakathi (IAQ) kuleli hlobo. Isakhiwo sokuqala esizosingatha lolu hlelo kuzoba yi-150 North Riverside yaseChicago.
Lolu hlelo lokusebenzisana luzoletha amazinga athuthukisiwe okuphepha, ukunethezeka kanye nesiqiniseko kubahlali njengoba bebuyela esakhiweni phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVID-19. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa ngokuphelele ukuhlanzwa komoya kwesibili, uhlelo lokuhlunga oluthuthuke kakhulu lwezentengiselwano emakethe, amazinga okungenisa umoya adlula kakhulu amazinga kazwelonke, kanye nekhwalithi yomoya wangaphakathi engu-24/7/365 kanye nesilinganiso esingcolisayo nokuqinisekisa.
Ngakho-ke namuhla ake sikhulume okuthile mayelana nokukhipha umoya.
Kunezindlela ezi-3 ezingasetshenziswa ukufaka umoya wesakhiwo: ukungena komoya wemvelo,
khipha umoya omncane, kanye nokukhipha umoya wokushisa/ukuvuselela amandla
Ukungena komoya okungokwemvelo
Njengoba ukungena komoya okungokwemvelo kusekelwe kumehluko wengcindezi odalwa umehluko wamazinga okushisa nesivinini somoya ezinye izimo zingakha amaphrofayili engcindezi azohlehlisa ukugeleza komoya, futhi okungenzeka ukuthi izitaki zomoya ezikhipha umoya, okungenzeka ukuthi zingcolisiwe, zingaba imizila yokuphakelwa komoya, futhi kanjalo. usakaze ukungcola emakamelweni okuhlala.
Kwezinye izimo zezulu, ukugeleza esitakini kungase kuhlehliswe (imicibisholo ebomvu) ezinhlelweni zokungenisa umoya zemvelo ezincike ekushintshanisweni kwezinga lokushisa njengamandla okushayela umoya.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma umnikazi esebenzisa amafeni e-cooker hood, isistimu yokuhlanza i-vacuum emaphakathi noma izindawo zomlilo ezivulekile zingathinta kabi umehluko wengcindezi oyifunayo kusuka kumandla emvelo futhi ihlehlise ukugeleza.
1) Khipha umoya ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile 2) Khipha umoya ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile 3) Umoya wokungenisa umoya ekusebenzeni okuvamile 4) Ukugeleza komoya okuhlehlisiwe 5) Dlulisa umoya ngenxa yokusebenza kwefeni yehood yokupheka.
Inketho yesibili khipha umoya omncane.
Le nketho ibilokhu ikhona kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-19 futhi ibidume kakhulu kuzo zombili izindawo zokuhlala nezokuhwebelana. Eqinisweni, bekuyindinganiso ezakhiweni amashumi eminyaka. Okuthi nge izinzuzo I-ventilation ye-mechanical exhaust njenge:
- Izinga lokungena komoya elihlala njalo endlini lapho kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwendabuko;
- Izinga lokungena komoya eliqinisekisiwe ekamelweni ngalinye elinesistimu yokukhipha umoya ekhishwa ngomshini;
- Ukucindezela okuncane okungalungile esakhiweni kuvimbela ukuncishiswa komswakama ekwakhiweni kwezindonga zangaphandle futhi ngakho-ke kuvimbele ukufiphala futhi ngenxa yalokho ukukhula kwesikhunta.
Nokho, ukungena komoya ngomshini nakho kuhilela okuthile izithiyo njengokuthi:
- Ukungena komoya ngemvilophi yokwakha kungase kudale okusalungiswa ebusika noma ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zomoya onamandla;
- Isebenzisa amandla amaningi, kodwa ukubuyiswa kokushisa okuvela emoyeni okhipha umoya akulula ukukusebenzisa, ngezindleko zamandla ezikhuphukayo lokhu sekuyinkinga enkulu ezinkampanini eziningi noma emindenini.
- Esimisweni sendabuko, umoya uvame ukukhishwa emakhishini, ezindlini zangasese, nasezindlini zangasese, futhi ukugeleza kwe-ventilation supply akusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo emakamelweni okulala nasezindlini zokuhlala njengoba kuthonywa ukumelana nama-grilles kanye neminyango yangaphakathi;
- Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-ventilation emoyeni wangaphandle kuncike ekuvuzeni kwemvilophu yokwakha.
Inketho yokugcina umoya wokuvuselela amandla/ukushisa.
Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili zokunciphisa isidingo samandla sokungenisa umoya:
- Lungisa ukungena komoya ngokuvumelana nesidingo sangempela;
- Buyisa amandla okungena komoya.
Kodwa-ke, kunemithombo emi-3 ekhishwayo ezakhiweni okufanele icatshangelwe:
- Ukukhishwa kwabantu (CO2, umswakama, iphunga);
- Ukukhishwa okudalwe ngabantu (umhwamuko wamanzi emakhishini, ezindlini zokugeza, njll.);
- Ukukhishwa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nefenisha (ukungcola, izincibilikisi, iphunga, i-VOC, njll.).
Ama-ventilators okubuyisela amandla, ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-enthalpy recovery ventilators, asebenza ngokudlulisela amandla okushisa nomswakama osuka emoyeni wakho wasendlini omdala ukuyise emoyeni omusha. Ebusika, i-ERV ikhiphela ngaphandle umoya wakho omdala, ofudumele; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ifenisha encane idonsa umoya omusha, opholile ovela ngaphandle. Njengoba umoya ofudumele ukhishwa ekhaya lakho, i-ERV isusa umswakama namandla okushisa kulo moya futhi iphathe kusengaphambili umoya opholile ongenayo ngawo. Ehlobo, kwenzeka okuphambene: umoya opholile, omile uyaphela ngaphandle, kodwa umoya ongcolile, ophumayo uphatha kuqala umoya omanzi, ofudumele ongenayo. Umphumela uba umoya omusha, oselashwe kusengaphambili, ohlanzekile ongena ekugelezeni komoya kwesistimu yakho ye-HVAC ukuze uhlakazeke kulo lonke ikhaya lakho.
Yini engazuza ekungeneni komoya wokubuyisela amandla, okungenani ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Ukwanda kokusebenza kahle kwamandla
I-ERV inesishintshi sokushisa esingashisisa noma sipholise umoya ongenayo ngokudlulisela ukushisa kuye noma kude nomoya ophumayo, ngakho-ke ingakusiza ukonga amandla futhi yehlise izikweletu zakho zensiza. I-ventilator yokubuyisela amandla iwutshalomali, kodwa ekugcineni izozikhokhela ngokwawo ngokunciphisa izindleko nokwandisa ukunethezeka. Kungakhuphula ngisho nenani lendlu/yehhovisi lakho.
- Impilo ende Yohlelo Lwakho lwe-HVAC
I-ERV ingakwazi ukwelapha kusengaphambili umoya ohlanzekile ongenayo kusiza ukwehlisa inani lomsebenzi isistimu yakho ye-HVAC okufanele yenze, okusiza ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesistimu yakho kukonke.
- Amazinga womswakamo alinganiselayo
Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, i-ERV isiza ukususa umswakama owedlulele emoyeni ongenayo; ebusika, i-ERV yengeza umswakama odingekayo emoyeni opholile owomile, okusiza ukulinganisa amazinga womswakamo wasendlini.
- Ikhwalithi yomoya yasendlini ethuthukisiwe
Ngokuvamile, ama-ventilators okubuyisela amandla anezihlungi zazo zomoya zokuthwebula ukungcola ngaphambi kokuba zingene ekhaya lakho futhi zibe nomthelela empilweni yomndeni wakho. Lapho la mathuluzi esusa umoya omdala, asusa ukungcola, impova, isilwane esifuywayo, uthuli nokunye ukungcola. Aphinde anciphise ama-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) njenge-benzene, i-ethanol, i-xylene, i-acetone, ne-formaldehyde.
Ezindlini zamandla aphansi kanye Neziguquguqukayo, okungenani u-50% wokulahlekelwa ukushisa kubangelwa ukungena komoya. Isibonelo se-Passive Houses sibonisa ukuthi isidingo sokushisa singancishiswa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukubuyiswa kwamandla ezinhlelweni zokungenisa umoya.
Esimweni sezulu esibandayo, umthelela wokuthola amandla/ukushisa ubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo zamandla acishe zibe ziro (ezidingekayo e-EU kusukela ngo-2021) zingakhiwa kuphela ngokungenisa umoya wokushisa/ukuthola amandla.
